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Color Mutation in Mandarins



 

Listed below are the possibilities for passing apricot, black, white or blonde in Mandarins as I understand the transfer of the genes. I have researched this for a number of years with fellow aviculturists, and numerous breeding procedures used here at Squaw Creek Farm. From this information, with the help of other aviculturists, I have come up with the following illustrations of punit squares. 

Premise: White, apricot, black, or blonde are sex-linked recessive traits. 

White, apricot, black, or blonde apparently transfer the male, which has two X chromosomes with a color capability on each. The female has an X and a Y chromosome, but only the X has a color capability. Males can have two genes for normal, one gene for normal and one for white, apricot, black, or blonde (split), or two genes for white, apricot, black, or blonde. White, apricot, black, or blonde a recessive, only shows when there is no gene for normal present. Since the female has only one X chromosome she can only be normal or white, apricot, black, or blonde. Thus a split white, apricot, black, or blonde female is impossible. The female duck believed to be a split is really a normal duck like any other normal duck. Note also that the cross between the split white, apricot, black, or blonde male and the normal female will produce both normal and split white, apricot, black, or blonde males with no way to distinguish between the two. The normal female in this cross is the same as the one described above. 

White, Apricot, Black, or Blonde - A sex-linked recessive gene determining the White, Apricot, Black, or Blonde color in Mandarins. The charts below can be used for White, Apricot, Black, or Blonde the same as they can for the white.

 

Genetic
Possibilities:
White or Apricot

 

Normal Male

 

White Male

 

Split White Male

 

Normal Female

 

White Female

 

Split White Female

 

XCXC

 

XcXc

 

XCXc

 

XCY

 

XcY

 

Impossible
females can not carry this gene

 

 

White Male and White Female
Male appears White,
Female appears White,
neither has genes for normal

Male
Xc
White
Gene
Xc
White
Gene
Female
Xc
White
Gene

XcXc
White Male
Duckling

XcXc
White Male
Duckling

Y

XcY
White Female
Duckling

XcY
White Female
Duckling

 

 

White Male and Normal Female
Male appears White
Female appears Normal,
no white gene

Male
Xc
White
Gene
Xc
White
Gene
Female
XC
Normal
Gene

XcXC
Split White Male
Duckling

XcXC
Split White Male
Duckling

Y

XcY
White Female
Duckling

XcY
White Female
Duckling

 

 

Split White Male and
Normal Female
Male appears Normal,
carries white gene,
Female appears Normal,
carries no white gene

Male
XC
Normal
Gene
Xc
White
Gene
Female
XC
Normal
Gene

XCXC
Normal Male
Duckling

XcXC
Split White Male
Duckling

Y

XCY
Normal Female
Duckling

XcY
White Female
Duckling

 

Split White Male and
White Female
Male appears Normal,
carries white gene
Female appears White

Male
XC
White
Gene
Xc
White
Gene
Female
Xc
White
Gene

XCXc
Split White Male
Duckling

XcXc
White Male
Duckling

Y

XCY
Normal Female
Duckling

XcY
White Female
Duckling

 

 


 

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